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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3481159.stm 번역해주신 메타트론님께 감사합니다.
잘못된 기사임이 확인되었으므로, 기사 내용 내립니다.
죄송합니다.
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* BBC 뉴스 원문 주소 - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3481159.stm
* 아래 내용이 BBC News의 원문인데, 위의 기사 내용과 아래의 원문 내용이 일치하는지, 직접 번역을 하여, 확인해 보지는 않았습니다. 번역이 가능하신 분은 위의 기사 내용과 아래 원문의 내용이 일치하는지 확인해 주시면 고맙겠습니다.
Q&A: Cloned human embryos
(People with heart conditions, Parkinson's, or spinal cord injuries could benefit)
UK researchers have successfully made cloned human embryos, following in the steps of South Korean scientists who created 30 human embryo clones last year.
BBC News looks at the significance of the announcement.
What have the UK researchers done?
Professor Alison Murdoch and colleagues at Newcastle University took donor eggs and switched the genetic material of these cells with DNA from embryonic stem cells.
Three of the resultant clones grew for three days and one survived another two days.
Embryos at the five day stage are composed of a ball of cells and called a blastocyst.
How does this differ from the Seoul researchers' work?
Professor Hwang Woo-suk and colleagues created embryos that were the exact genetic copies of the women who donated the eggs and cells to make them.
They produced 30 embryo clones that divided over several days to a stage where special cells known as embryonic stem cells could be extracted.
How credible is the research?
Several groups have made claims in the past for similar work.
In some cases, no evidence was presented to back up the assertions. In others, where supporting data was published, the embryos stopped dividing at a very early stage.
The Koreans, on the other hand, have shown their embryos to be long lasting. What is more, they have subjected their work to independent scrutiny and a paper detailing their experiments has been published by the international journal Science.
Dr Murdoch's team's work is also published at Reproductive BioMedicine online
What makes these techniques successful?
Both the South Korean team and the UK researchers credit their successes to the use of extremely fresh donor eggs.
What is the point of the research?
SOUTH KOREAN CLONING
30 human embryos cloned Cloning viewpoints
The ultimate aim would be to harvest stem cells - "master" cells that can divide into virtually any of the body's tissues - from the cloned embryos to treat diseases. This is known as therapeutic cloning.
The Koreans successfully extracted embryonic stem cells from their embryos.
They demonstrated the beginnings of this differentiation and saw it progress still further when the cells were transplanted into mice.
The Korean researchers view therapeutic cloning as very different from reproductive cloning - attempting to bring about the birth of a cloned baby.
How far away is therapeutic cloning?
Experts believe it will be many years before stem cell treatments based on cloning technology are available.
If the cells come from a cloned embryo they should not be rejected by the patient because they match exactly that individual's genetic make-up.
At the moment, patients have to take powerful drugs to prevent their body's immune system from attacking tissues transplanted from another person.
Are there not ethical concerns here?
All embryo research draws the criticism that it is tampering with cells which have the potential to be human beings.
The Korean and UK experiments were given approval by an ethical review board and all the women who donated cells and eggs gave informed consent - but this will mean nothing to those who are uncomfortable with this kind of science.
Could this latest work bring a cloned baby closer?
Potentially, yes.
Scientists have been struggling to clone monkeys. It is clear there are particular difficulties involved in making genetic copies of primates.
The Korean and UK research shows some of these technical hurdles can be overcome and those minded to produce cloned babies will attempt to use the new information to make children.
잘못된 기사임이 확인되었으므로, 기사 내용 내립니다.
죄송합니다.
----------------------------------
* BBC 뉴스 원문 주소 - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3481159.stm
* 아래 내용이 BBC News의 원문인데, 위의 기사 내용과 아래의 원문 내용이 일치하는지, 직접 번역을 하여, 확인해 보지는 않았습니다. 번역이 가능하신 분은 위의 기사 내용과 아래 원문의 내용이 일치하는지 확인해 주시면 고맙겠습니다.
Q&A: Cloned human embryos
(People with heart conditions, Parkinson's, or spinal cord injuries could benefit)
UK researchers have successfully made cloned human embryos, following in the steps of South Korean scientists who created 30 human embryo clones last year.
BBC News looks at the significance of the announcement.
What have the UK researchers done?
Professor Alison Murdoch and colleagues at Newcastle University took donor eggs and switched the genetic material of these cells with DNA from embryonic stem cells.
Three of the resultant clones grew for three days and one survived another two days.
Embryos at the five day stage are composed of a ball of cells and called a blastocyst.
How does this differ from the Seoul researchers' work?
Professor Hwang Woo-suk and colleagues created embryos that were the exact genetic copies of the women who donated the eggs and cells to make them.
They produced 30 embryo clones that divided over several days to a stage where special cells known as embryonic stem cells could be extracted.
How credible is the research?
Several groups have made claims in the past for similar work.
In some cases, no evidence was presented to back up the assertions. In others, where supporting data was published, the embryos stopped dividing at a very early stage.
The Koreans, on the other hand, have shown their embryos to be long lasting. What is more, they have subjected their work to independent scrutiny and a paper detailing their experiments has been published by the international journal Science.
Dr Murdoch's team's work is also published at Reproductive BioMedicine online
What makes these techniques successful?
Both the South Korean team and the UK researchers credit their successes to the use of extremely fresh donor eggs.
What is the point of the research?
SOUTH KOREAN CLONING
30 human embryos cloned Cloning viewpoints
The ultimate aim would be to harvest stem cells - "master" cells that can divide into virtually any of the body's tissues - from the cloned embryos to treat diseases. This is known as therapeutic cloning.
The Koreans successfully extracted embryonic stem cells from their embryos.
They demonstrated the beginnings of this differentiation and saw it progress still further when the cells were transplanted into mice.
The Korean researchers view therapeutic cloning as very different from reproductive cloning - attempting to bring about the birth of a cloned baby.
How far away is therapeutic cloning?
Experts believe it will be many years before stem cell treatments based on cloning technology are available.
If the cells come from a cloned embryo they should not be rejected by the patient because they match exactly that individual's genetic make-up.
At the moment, patients have to take powerful drugs to prevent their body's immune system from attacking tissues transplanted from another person.
Are there not ethical concerns here?
All embryo research draws the criticism that it is tampering with cells which have the potential to be human beings.
The Korean and UK experiments were given approval by an ethical review board and all the women who donated cells and eggs gave informed consent - but this will mean nothing to those who are uncomfortable with this kind of science.
Could this latest work bring a cloned baby closer?
Potentially, yes.
Scientists have been struggling to clone monkeys. It is clear there are particular difficulties involved in making genetic copies of primates.
The Korean and UK research shows some of these technical hurdles can be overcome and those minded to produce cloned babies will attempt to use the new information to make children.
BBC News looks at the significance of the announcement.
=> 영국의 과학자들이 지난해 30개의 인간복제배아를 만들어낸 한국의 과학자들의 방식에 따라 인간배아를 성공적으로 복제했다. BBC 뉴스는 이 발표의 중요성을 보고자 한다.
: 배아줄기세포가 아니라 배아복제죠. 핵치환방식에 의한 배아복제는 이미 널리 알려진 것입니다.
What have the UK researchers done?
Professor Alison Murdoch and colleagues at Newcastle University took donor eggs and switched the genetic material of these cells with DNA from embryonic stem cells.
=> 영국 과학자들이 무엇을 했는가? 뉴캐슬 대학의 앨리슨 멀더 교수와 그의 동료연구자들은 기증된 난자의 유전정보를 배아줄기세포의 DNA와 교체했다.
: 핵치환방식의 배아복제에 의한 배아줄기세포가 아니라 수정란으로부터의 배아줄기세포의 DNA, 즉 핵과 난자의 핵을 교체했다는 겁니다.
Three of the resultant clones grew for three days and one survived another two days.
Embryos at the five day stage are composed of a ball of cells and called a bla stocyst.
=> 복제배아 중 3개는 3일을 살았고 다른 1개는 2일을 더 살았다. 5일째의 복제배아는 세포구를 형성했으며 bla s tocyst라고 명명되었다.
: 배아줄기세포가 아니라 복제된 배아(embryo clones)를 만들었다는 겁니다.
How does this differ from the Seoul researchers' work?
Professor Hwang Woo-suk and colleagues created embryos that were the exact genetic copies of the women who donated the eggs and cells to make them.
=> 이것이 서울의 과학자들의 성과와 어떻게 다른가? 황우석 교수와 그의 동료들은 난자와 체세포를 기증한 여성의 유전정보와 일치하는 복제배아를 만들었다.
They produced 30 embryo clones that divided over several days to a stage where special cells known as embryonic stem cells could be extracted.
=> 그들은 30개의 복제배아를 만들었고, 그것들은 며칠후 배아줄기세포가 추출될 수 있는 단계까지 분화되었다.
How credible is the research?
Several groups have made claims in the past for similar work.
In some cases, no evidence was presented to back up the assertions. In others, where supporting data was published, the embryos stopped dividing at a very early stage.
=> 이 연구가 얼마나 신뢰성이 있는가? 과거 몇몇 과학자들은 비슷한 작업(핵치환에 의한 배아복제)을 성공시켰다고 했다. 그러나 이들에 대해서는 확신을 줄만한 증거가 없었고, 데이타를 제시했던 다른 이들의 복제배아는 매우 이른 단계에서 분화를 정지했다.
The Koreans, on the other hand, have shown their embryos to be long lasting. What is more, they have subjected their work to independent scrutiny and a paper detailing their experiments has been published by the international journal Science.
Dr Murdoch's team's work is also published at Reproductive BioMedicine online
=> 그러나 황교수팀은 그들의 복제배아가 오랫동안 살아있음을 보였다. 또한 그들의 연구는 독립적인 검증을 거쳤고, 세부 실험자료가 담긴 논문은 국제저널인 사이언스에 개제되었다. 또한 멀더교수팀의 연구도 Reproductive BioMedicine online 에 개제되었다.
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기사 원문을 우리나라 기자가 잘못 해석해서 올린 것이라고 하더군요.
올해 5월경에 영국의 팀이 만든게 30개의 배아줄기세포(embryonic stem cell)가 아니라 몇 개인지 확인되지 않는 복제배아(embryo clones)를 만든 것입니다.
그러니까 30개의 줄기세포를 만든것이 아닌 줄기세포를 만들기도 전에 다 죽어 버린 것이랍니다. 그런데 황교수는 어떻게 11개 씩이나 죽지 않고 만들었는지 정말 궁금하다는 내용의 기사입니다.
일반적으로 핵치환에 의한 복제배아에서 배아줄기세포를 추출해내는 것이 굉장히 어려웠는데 황교수님의 2005년 논문은 그 추출 성공률을 비약적으로 상승(17분의 1이던가..)시킨데에 의의가 있었던 겁니다.
(지금은 난자의 갯수도 속이고, 황교수도 줄기세포 모두 죽었는데 거짓으로 논문을 썻다고 조사에서 밝혀 졌지만요.)
야후에서조차 저 기사를 잘못 해석한 것으로 인정하고 지워진거 같더군요.
이곳에서 음모론쪽으로 해석 하는 것은 그러려니 하겠는데 너무 음모론쪽으로 생각 하는 것도 진실을 보는데 좀 장애가 생길 수도 있을거 같습니다.